Spine surgeons see many cases of lower back pain. This type of pain is often the cause of job-related disabilities and missed work. It affects men and women of all ages and can range from a dull, constant ache to a sharp, sudden, incapacitating pain. The cause of back pain isn’t always possible to pinpoint, but there are several usual suspects. Here are some of the most common causes of lower back pain.
Sprains and Strains
Muscle and ligament sprains and strains are the most common cause of back pain. This problem can occur with overstretching or tearing ligaments, tendons, or muscles, typically through actions such as heavy lifting, twisting, or sudden pulling or force. These actions can lead to strains or tears that cause localized pain. Being in poor physical condition can also cause pain, as this can result in more constant pressure on the lower back.
Herniated or Ruptured Discs
Your discs provide cushioning between the vertebrae in your spine. When a disc bulges or becomes ruptured, it may cause significant pain as it presses onto nerves in the area, although it is possible to have a bulging disc without pain. Sometimes, disc problems are found unexpectedly during x-rays of the spine for some other reason. A herniated disc may be the result of improper lifting or repetitive vibrating motion (such as that experienced by truck drivers).
Sciatica
The sciatic nerve is the large nerve that runs from the lower back through the buttocks and down the end of the leg. When this nerve becomes compressed, it can cause sciatica, a burning or shock-like pain that radiates along the length of the nerve. In some cases, the pain may reach down to the foot. Occasionally, severe sciatica causes not just pain but also muscle weakness and numbness in the leg. Sciatica may also be caused by a cyst or tumor pressing on the nerve.
Arthritis
Osteoarthritis can affect the joints of the spine and produce lower back pain. Sometimes known as degenerative joint disease, this condition is more common in people over 50. Over time, the cartilage between the discs can start to degenerate, allowing the bones to rub against each other without cushioning. This rubbing can lead to inflammation, stiffness, and pain. In some cases, osteoarthritis can lead to spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the space around the spinal cord.
Traumatic Injury
A traumatic injury such as from a fall, car accident, or playing sports can damage muscles, ligaments, or tendons and cause lower back pain. These types of injuries can also compress the spine and lead to ruptured or herniated discs. When this happens, it often causes back pain or sciatica.
Often, these conditions can heal on their own without spine surgery. However, if conservative treatments are not effective, you may be a candidate for minimally invasive spine surgery. If you’re looking for the best spine surgeons, contact Landa Spine & Orthopedic Center. We can help you understand all of your options and decide whether minimally invasive surgery is for you.